Re: (PM) Radius (fwd)

MegaZone (megazone@livingston.com)
Thu, 6 Nov 1997 14:47:15 -0800 (PST)

Once upon a time Karl Denninger shaped the electrons to say...
>1) 100% reliable accounting information (ie: Start and Stop records are
> ALWAYS delivered). This does work well enough to be functional. We
> haven't seen trouble here for non-MCPPP calls, and with 3.7.2, it
> appears that MCPPP calls are fixed as well.
>
>2) ABSOLUTE notification when a box is powered on or restarted.
> Livingston sends a Radius accounting log entry on a crash or
> console restart, but NOT for a cold power-up. You MUST have
> this to remove all entries in the table for a given system on a
> reset.

This is not enough.

RADIUS - the protocol - cannot do it 100% reliably. Period.

RADIUS is setup to make sure data gets there - but not in any particular
order or over any period of time.

It is possible, and I have seen it, to get a Start for session 1, a
start for session 2, and THEN the stop for session 1 - when the
user logged out and logged back in. This is especially likely with ISDN.
A user can disconnect and reconnect within one second. Timeouts for one
try in RADIUS is 3 seconds. If the first STOP packet gets delayed at all,
you have a race condition.

RADIUS was *deliberately* designed this way, it was never meant to be
used as a resource allocation protocol.

This is why another protocol - like SNMP - is used. Let's use a simple
case where the limit is one login per user.

Request comes in - RADIUS checks database.

1 - user is not shown as logged in in database. ie, STOPs have been
received for all Starts. ACK

2 - user is shown as logged in in database on NAS X. Now you use SNMP to
query NAS X to be *sure* the user is still on.

a - SNMP reports user is not on. Close the open entry and flag it
as a special closure. ACK

b - SNMP reports user is on. Leave current entry alone. NAK

This is the simplest example.

-MZ

--
Livingston Enterprises - Chair, Department of Interstitial Affairs
Phone: 800-458-9966 510-737-2100 FAX: 510-737-2110 megazone@livingston.com
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